“Madagascar's economy is growing, but poverty and limited access to basic services persist. The country has opportunities for improvement, but its stability and need scores are a concern. The population is predominantly rural, with a significant portion of land used for agriculture.”
Madagascar's economy is growing, but poverty and limited access to basic services persist. The country has opportunities for improvement, but its stability and need scores are a concern. The population is predominantly rural, with a significant portion of land used for agriculture.
•Madagascar's poverty headcount is 69.20% of the population, with 24.45% of the population owning a bank account.
•The country has a low electricity access rate of 12.30% and a high undernourishment prevalence of 39.50%.
•Madagascar's life expectancy is 61.86 years, with a maternal mortality rate of 445.43 per 100k.
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Did you know?
Madagascar is home to the Tsingy de Bemaraha National Park, a UNESCO World Heritage Site and one of the most unique and fragile ecosystems in the world.
High poverty headcount and low access to basic services pose significant humanitarian and health risks.
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Key Indicators
Bank Account Ownership
24.45%
% of adults with a bank or mobile money account. Africa average: ~55%.
World Bank (2024)Updated today
Agricultural Land
70.29% land
% of land used for crops or livestock. Africa average: ~43%.
World Bank (2023)Updated today
Government Education Expenditure
3.05% GDP
World Bank (2023)Updated today
Electricity Access
12.3%
Share of population with access to electricity. Sub-Saharan Africa average: ~47%.
UN SDG (2010)Updated today
Energy Use per Capita
304.43kg oil eq
World Bank (2023)Updated today
FDI Inflows
3.48% GDP
World Bank (2024)Updated today
Female Labour Force Participation
48.65%
Share of women ages 15+ who are employed or seeking work. Global average: ~47%.
World Bank (2025)Updated today
Forest Area
21.3% land
% of land covered by forest. Africa average: ~22%.
World Bank (2023)Updated today
GDP Growth
4.2%
Annual % change in national economic output. Global average: ~3%.
World Bank (2024)Updated today
GDP per Capita
544.99USD
GDP per person in current USD. Sub-Saharan Africa average: ~$1,700.
World Bank (2024)Updated today
Gender Parity Index — Education
1.02GPI
World Bank (2019)Updated today
Gini Index
36.8
Income inequality index 0–100. Higher = more unequal. Africa average: ~43.
World Bank (2021)Updated today
Current Health Expenditure
3.43% GDP
Government + private health spending as % of GDP. Global average: ~10%.
World Bank (2023)Updated today
Internally Displaced Persons
180people
People displaced within their own country. Africa hosts the most IDPs globally. Source: UNHCR.
UNHCR (2024)Updated today
Inflation (CPI)
7.61%
World Bank (2024)Updated today
Internet Access
18.68%
Share of population using the internet. Africa average: ~43%.
World Bank (2024)Updated today
Life Expectancy
61.86years
Average years a newborn is expected to live. Sub-Saharan Africa average: ~62 years.
WHO GHO (2021)Updated today
Marine Protected Areas
1.4% waters
World Bank (2025)Updated today
Maternal Mortality
445.43per 100k
Deaths per 100,000 live births. Global average: 223; sub-Saharan Africa: ~450.
WHO GHO (2023)Updated today
Mobile Subscriptions
75.46per 100
SIM cards per 100 people (can exceed 100 due to multiple SIMs). Africa average: ~85.
World Bank (2023)Updated today
Under-5 Mortality
62.4per 1k
Deaths per 1,000 live births before age 5. Sub-Saharan Africa average: ~65.
World Bank (2024)Updated today
NCD Premature Mortality (30–70)
25.9%
WHO GHO (2021)Updated today
Obesity Prevalence
4.51%
WHO GHO (2024)Updated today
Medical Doctors
1.03per 10k
Medical doctors per 10,000 people. Sub-Saharan Africa average: ~2.2.
WHO GHO (2024)Updated today
Political Stability Index
-0.69/100
World Governance Indicators score 0–100. Higher = more stable. Normalized from -2.5/+2.5 scale.
World Bank WGI (2023)Updated today
Population
31 964 956
World Bank (2024)Updated today
Poverty Headcount ($2.15/day)
69.2%
Share of population living on less than $2.15/day. Global extreme poverty threshold.
World Bank (2021)Updated today
Primary Completion Rate
60.71%
World Bank (2024)Updated today
Protected Areas
5.1% total
World Bank (2025)Updated today
Renewable Electricity Output
34.11%
% of electricity from renewable sources (hydro, solar, wind, geothermal).
World Bank (2021)Updated today
Safe Sanitation Access
12.8%
Share using safely managed sanitation. Global average: ~57%.
World Bank (2024)Updated today
Net Primary School Enrollment
95.6%
Net % of primary school-age children attending school.
World Bank (2018)Updated today
Net Secondary School Enrollment
29.85%
World Bank (2018)Updated today
Population in Slums
65.72% urban
World Bank (2022)Updated today
Stunting, Children Under 5
39.8%
World Bank (2021)Updated today
Undernourishment Prevalence
39.5%
Share of population with insufficient food intake. Africa average: ~20%.
World Bank (2023)Updated today
Unemployment Rate
3.04%
World Bank (2025)Updated today
Urban Population Share
32.43%
Share of population living in urban areas. Africa average: ~44%.
World Bank (2024)Updated today
Safe Drinking Water Access
22.06%
Share using safely managed drinking water. Global average: ~74%.
World Bank (2024)Updated today
Women in Parliament
14.11%
Share of parliamentary seats held by women. Global average: ~27%.